geoutils.PointCloud

class geoutils.PointCloud(filename_or_dataset, data_column=None)

The georeferenced point cloud.

A point cloud is a vector of 2D point geometries associated to numeric values from a main data column, and can also contain auxiliary data columns.

Main attributes:

ds: geopandas.GeoDataFrame

Geodataframe of the point cloud.

data_column: str

Name of point cloud data column.

crs: pyproj.crs.CRS

Coordinate reference system of the point cloud.

bounds: rio.coords.BoundingBox

Coordinate bounds of the point cloud.

All other attributes are derivatives of those attributes, or read from the file on disk. See the API for more details.

__init__(filename_or_dataset, data_column=None)

Instantiate a point cloud from either a data column name and a vector (filename, GeoPandas dataframe or series, or a Shapely geometry), or only with a point cloud file type.

Parameters:

• filename_or_dataset (str | Path | GeoDataFrame | GeoSeries | BaseGeometry) – Path to vector file, or GeoPandas dataframe or series, or Shapely geometry.

• data_column (str | None) – Name of main data column defining the point cloud (not required for LAS/LAZ formats).

Methods

__init__(filename_or_dataset[, data_column])	Instantiate a point cloud from either a data column name and a vector (filename, GeoPandas dataframe or series, or a Shapely geometry), or only with a point cloud file type.
affine_transform(matrix)	Return a Vector with translated geometries.
astype(dtype[, convert_coords, inplace])	Convert data type of the point cloud data column.
buffer(distance[, resolution, cap_style, ...])	Return a Vector of geometries representing all points within a given distance of each geometric object.
buffer_metric(buffer_size)	Buffer the vector features in a local metric system (UTM or UPS).
buffer_without_overlap(buffer_size[, ...])	Buffer the vector geometries without overlapping each other.
build_area([node])	Create an areal geometry formed by the constituent linework.
clip(mask[, keep_geom_type, sort])	Clip points, lines, or polygon geometries to the mask extent.
clip_by_rect(xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax)	Return a Vector of the portions of geometry within the given rectangle.
columns()
concave_hull([ratio, allow_holes])	Return a Vector of geometries representing the concave hull of vertices of each geometry.
contains(other[, align])	Return a Series of dtype('bool') with value True for each aligned geometry that contains other.
contains_properly(other[, align])	Return a Series of dtype('bool') with value True for each aligned geometry that is completely inside other, with no common boundary points.
copy([new_array])	Copy the point cloud in-memory.
count_coordinates()	Return a Series containing the count of the number of coordinate pairs in each geometry.
count_geometries()	Return a Series containing the count of geometries in each multi-part geometry.
count_interior_rings()	Return a Series containing the count of the number of interior rings in a polygonal geometry.
covered_by(other[, align])	Return a Series of dtype('bool') with value True for each aligned geometry that is entirely covered by other.
covers(other[, align])	Return a Series of dtype('bool') with value True for each aligned geometry that is entirely covering other.
create_mask([ref, crs, res, bounds, points, ...])	Create a raster or point cloud mask from the vector features (True if pixel/point contained by any vector feature, False if not).
crop(crop_geom[, clip, inplace])	Crop the vector to given extent.
crosses(other[, align])	Return a Series of dtype('bool') with value True for each aligned geometry that cross other.
cx()	Coordinate based indexer to select by intersection with bounding box.
delaunay_triangles([tolerance, only_edges])	Return a Vector consisting of objects representing the computed Delaunay triangulation between the vertices of an input geometry.
difference(other[, align])	Return a Vector of the points in each aligned geometry that are not in other.
disjoint(other[, align])	Return a Series of dtype('bool') with value True for each aligned geometry disjoint to other.
dissolve([by, aggfunc, as_index, level, ...])	Dissolve geometries within groupby into single observation.
distance(other[, align])	Return a Series containing the distance to aligned other.
dwithin(other, distance[, align])	Return a Series of dtype('bool') with value True for each aligned geometry that is within a set distance from other.
estimate_utm_crs([datum_name])	Return the estimated UTM CRS based on the bounds of the dataset.
explode([column, ignore_index, index_parts])	Explode multi-part geometries into multiple single geometries.
extract_unique_points()	Return a Vector of MultiPoints representing all distinct vertices of an input geometry.
force_2d()	Force the dimensionality of a geometry to 2D.
force_3d([z])	Force the dimensionality of a geometry to 3D.
frechet_distance(other[, align, densify])	Return a Series containing the Frechet distance to aligned other.
from_array(data, crs[, data_column, use_z])	Create point cloud from a 3 x N or N x 3 array of X coordinates, Y coordinates and Z values.
from_arrow(table[, geometry])	Construct a Vector from an Arrow table object based on GeoArrow extension types.
from_bounds_projected(raster_or_vector[, ...])	Create a vector polygon from projected bounds of a raster or vector.
from_dict(data[, geometry, crs])	Construct Vector from dict of array-like or dicts by overriding DataFrame.from_dict method with geometry and crs.
from_features(features, crs, columns)	Alternate constructor to create Vector from an iterable of features or a feature collection.
from_file(filename, **kwargs)	Alternate constructor to create a Vector from a file.
from_postgis(sql, con[, geom_col, crs, ...])	Alternate constructor to create a Vector from a sql query containing a geometry column in WKB representation.
from_tuples(tuples_xyz, crs[, data_column, ...])	Create point cloud from an iterable of 3-tuples (X coordinate, Y coordinate, Z value).
from_xyz(x, y, z, crs[, data_column, use_z])	Create point cloud from three 1D array-like coordinates for X/Y/Z.
geom_equals(other[, align])	Return a Series of dtype('bool') with value True for each aligned geometry equal to other.
geom_equals_exact(other, tolerance[, align])	Return True for all geometries that equal aligned other to a given tolerance, else False.
georeferenced_coords_equal(pc)	Check that point cloud X/Y coordinates and CRS are equal.
get_bounds_projected(out_crs[, densify_points])	Get vector bounds projected in a specified CRS.
get_coordinates([include_z, ignore_index, ...])	Get coordinates from a Vector as a DataFrame of floats.
get_footprint_projected(out_crs[, ...])	Get vector footprint projected in a specified CRS.
get_geometry(index)	Return the n-th geometry from a collection of geometries.
get_metric_crs([local_crs_type, method])	Get local metric coordinate reference system for the vector (UTM, UPS, or custom Mercator or Polar).
get_precision()	Return a Series of the precision of each geometry.
get_stats([stats_name])	Retrieve specified statistics or all available statistics for the point cloud data.
grid([ref, grid_coords, res, resampling, ...])	Grid point cloud into a raster.
hausdorff_distance(other[, align, densify])	Return a Series containing the Hausdorff distance to aligned other.
hilbert_distance([total_bounds, level])	Calculate the distance along a Hilbert curve.
info([verbose])	Summarize information about the vector.
interpolate(distance[, normalized])	Return a point at the specified distance along each geometry.
intersection(other[, align])	Return a Vector of the intersection of points in each aligned geometry with other.
intersection_all()	Return a geometry containing the intersection of all geometries in the Vector.
intersects(other[, align])	Return a Series of dtype('bool') with value True for each aligned geometry that intersects other.
is_valid_reason()	Return a Series of strings with the reason for invalidity of each geometry.
iterfeatures([na, show_bbox, drop_id])	Return an iterator that yields feature dictionaries that comply with __geo_interface__.
line_merge([directed])	Return (Multi)LineStrings formed by combining the lines in a MultiLineString.
load([columns])	Load point cloud from disk (only supported for LAS files).
make_valid()	Repairs invalid geometries.
minimum_bounding_circle()	Return a Vector of geometries representing the minimum bounding circle that encloses each geometry.
minimum_bounding_radius()	Return a Series of the radii of the minimum bounding circles that enclose each geometry.
minimum_clearance()	Return a Series containing the minimum clearance distance, which is the smallest distance by which a vertex of the geometry could be moved to produce an invalid geometry.
minimum_rotated_rectangle()	Return a Vector of the general minimum bounding rectangle that contains the object.
normalize()	Return a Vector of normalized geometries to normal form (or canonical form).
offset_curve(distance[, quad_segs, ...])	Return a LineString or MultiLineString geometry at a distance from the object on its right or its left side.
overlaps(other[, align])	Return True for all aligned geometries that overlap other, else False.
overlay(right[, how, keep_geom_type, make_valid])	Perform spatial overlay between Vectors.
plot([column, ref_crs, cmap, vmin, vmax, ...])	Plot the point cloud.
pointcloud_equal(other, **kwargs)	Check if two point clouds are equal.
polygonize([node, full])	Create polygons formed from the linework of a Vector.
project(other[, normalized, align])	Return the distance along each geometry nearest to other.
proximity([raster, size, geometry_type, ...])	Compute proximity distances to this vector's geometry.
query(expression[, inplace])	Query the vector with a valid Pandas expression.
rasterize([raster, crs, xres, yres, bounds, ...])	Rasterize vector to a raster or mask, with input geometries burned in.
relate(other[, align])	Return the DE-9IM intersection matrices for the geometries.
relate_pattern(other, pattern[, align])	Return True if the DE-9IM string code for the relationship between the geometries satisfies the pattern, else False.
remove_repeated_points([tolerance])	Return a Vector containing a copy of the input geometry with repeated points removed.
rename_geometry(col[, inplace])	Rename the Vector geometry column to the specified name.
representative_point()	Return a Vector of (cheaply computed) points that are guaranteed to be within each geometry.
reproject([ref, crs, inplace])	Reproject vector to a specified coordinate reference system.
reverse()	Return a Vector with the order of coordinates reversed.
rotate(angle[, origin, use_radians])	Return a Vector with rotated geometries.
save(filename[, driver, schema, index])	Write the vector to file.
scale([xfact, yfact, zfact, origin])	Return a Vector with scaled geometries.
segmentize(max_segment_length)	Return a Vector with vertices added to line segments based on maximum segment length.
set_crs([crs, epsg, inplace, allow_override])	Set the Coordinate Reference System (CRS) of the Vector.
set_data_column(new_data_column)	Set new column as point cloud data column.
set_geometry(col[, drop, inplace, crs])	Set the Vector geometry using either an existing column or the specified input.
set_precision([grid_size, mode, inplace])	Return a GeoSeries with the precision set to a precision grid size.
shared_paths(other[, align])	Return the shared paths between two geometries.
shortest_line(other[, align])	Return the shortest two-point line between two geometries.
simplify(tolerance[, preserve_topology])	Return a Vector containing a simplified representation of each geometry.
sjoin(df, *args, **kwargs)	Spatial join of two Vectors.
sjoin_nearest(right[, how, max_distance, ...])	Spatial join of two Vectors based on the distance between their geometries.
skew([xs, ys, origin, use_radians])	Return a Vector with skewed geometries.
snap(other, tolerance[, align])	Snap the vertices and segments of the geometry to vertices of the reference.
subsample(subsample[, return_indices, ...])	Randomly sample the point cloud.
symmetric_difference(other[, align])	Return a Vector of the symmetric difference of points in each aligned geometry with other.
to_array()	Convert point cloud to a 3 x N array of X coordinates, Y coordinates and Z values.
to_arrow([index, geometry_encoding, ...])	Encode a Vector to GeoArrow format.
to_crs([crs, epsg, inplace])	Transform geometries to a new coordinate reference system.
to_csv([path_or_buf, sep, na_rep, ...])	Write object to a comma-separated values (csv) file.
to_feather(path[, index, compression, ...])	Write a Vector to the Feather format.
to_file(filename[, driver, schema, index])	Write the Vector to a file.
to_geo_dict([na, show_bbox, drop_id])	Return a python feature collection representation of the Vector as a dictionary with a list of features based on the __geo_interface__ GeoJSON-like specification.
to_json([na, show_bbox, drop_id])	Return a GeoJSON representation of the Vector as a string.
to_las(filename[, version, point_format, ...])	Write the point cloud to LAS/LAZ/COPC file.
to_parquet(path[, index, compression, ...])	Write a Vector to the Parquet format.
to_postgis(name, con[, schema, if_exists, ...])	Upload Vector into PostGIS database.
to_tuples()	Convert point cloud to a list of 3-tuples (X coordinate, Y coordinate, Z value).
to_wkb([hex])	Encode all geometry columns in the Vector to WKB.
to_wkt(**kwargs)	Encode all geometry columns in the Vector to WKT.
to_xyz()	Convert point cloud to three 1D arrays of coordinates for X/Y/Z.
touches(other[, align])	Return a Series of dtype('bool') with value True for each aligned geometry that touches other.
transform(transformation[, include_z])	Return a Vector with the transformation function applied to the geometry coordinates.
translate([xoff, yoff, zoff, inplace])	Shift a vector by a (x,y) offset, and optionally a z offset.
union(other[, align])	Return a Vector of the union of points in each aligned geometry with other.
union_all([method])	Return a geometry containing the union of all geometries in the Vector.
vector_equal(other, **kwargs)	Check if two vectors are equal.
voronoi_polygons([tolerance, extend_to, ...])	Return a Vector consisting of objects representing the computed Voronoi diagram around the vertices of an input geometry.
within(other[, align])	Return a Series of dtype('bool') with value True for each aligned geometry that is within other.

Attributes

active_geometry_name
area	Return a Series containing the area of each geometry in the Vector expressed in the units of the CRS.
boundary	Return a Vector of lower dimensional objects representing each geometry's set-theoretic boundary.
bounds	Total bounding box of the vector.
centroid	Return a Vector of points representing the centroid of each geometry.
convex_hull	Return a Vector of geometries representing the convex hull of each geometry.
crs	Coordinate reference system of the vector.
data	Data of the point cloud.
data_column	Name of data column of the point cloud.
ds	Geodataframe of the point cloud.
envelope	Return a Vector of geometries representing the envelope of each geometry.
exterior	Return a Vector of LinearRings representing the outer boundary of each polygon in the Vector.
footprint	Footprint of the raster.
geom_bounds	Returns or appends to Vector a Series with the bounds of each geometry feature.
geom_type	Returns a Series of strings specifying the Geometry Type of each object.
geometry
has_sindex	Check the existence of the spatial index without generating it.
has_z	Return a Series of dtype('bool') with value True for features that have a z-component.
index
interiors	Return a Series of List representing the inner rings of each polygon in the Vector.
is_ccw	Return a Series of dtype('bool') with value True if a LineString or LinearRing is counterclockwise.
is_closed	Return a Series of dtype('bool') with value True if a LineString's or LinearRing's first and last points are equal.
is_empty	Returns a Series of dtype('bool') with value True for empty geometries.
is_loaded	Whether the point cloud data is loaded.
is_mask	Whether the point cloud mask is a mask (boolean type).
is_ring	Return a Series of dtype('bool') with value True for features that are closed.
is_simple	Return a Series of dtype('bool') with value True for geometries that do not cross themselves.
is_valid	Return a Series of dtype('bool') with value True for geometries that are valid.
length	Return a Series containing the length of each geometry expressed in the units of the CRS.
name	Name on disk, if it exists.
point_count	Number of points in the point cloud.
sindex	Generate the spatial index.
total_bounds	Total bounds of the vector.